Resumen
Objetivo: Conocer la incidencia de la patologÃa neurológica en el periodo neonatal en el Hospital Infantil Universitario «Miguel Servet» de Zaragoza, centro de referencia para Aragón, La Rioja y Soria.
Pacientes y métodos: Se revisan los casos de patologÃa neurológica puesta de manifiesto durante el periodo neonatal, estudiados en nuestro hospital (en hospitalización y consultas externas) en un periodo de 5 años (desde enero de 1996 hasta diciembre de 2000).
Resultados: Se han evaluado 205 niños con patologÃa neurológica en el periodo neonatal, 118 niños (57,56%) y 87 niñas (42,44%). La tasa de incidencia de neonatos afectados de patologÃa neurológica en el periodo neonatal está por encima de 6,76 por 1.000 al año. Ingresaron en la unidad neonatal 199 ni–os (97,07%), y en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales 123 (60%); 136 (66,34%) provenÃan del propio hospital, y 26 (12,68%) derivados de clÃnicas privadas de la ciudad. La media de dÃas de ingreso fue de 30 (rango: 1-180). Continúan siendo visitados en las consultas externas de nuestro hospital 96 niños (46,83%).
Conclusiones: Existe una importante demanda de asistencia neuropediátrica en el periodo neonatal, con ingresos prolongados y una elevada necesidad de cuidados intensivos. La patologÃa neurológica neonatal genera, durante los primeros años de vida, las intervenciones y el seguimiento de profesionales de servicios sanitarios, educativos y sociales, que trabajan de forma coordinada en programas de atención temprana, en los que es fundamental la participación de neonatólogos y neuropediatras.
Abstract
Objective: The incidence of neurological disorders during the neonatal period was studied at Miguel Servet University Children's Hospital in Zaragoza, Spain, a referral center for Aragon, Rioja and Soria.
Material and methods: Those newborns with an identified neurological disorder at Miguel Servet University Children's Hospital in Zaragoza were studied, in both the inpatient and outpatient setting, over a five-year period (from January 1996 to December 2000).
Results: The authors evaluated 205 children, 118 boys (57.56%) and 87 girls (42.44%), who had presented a neurological disorder during the neonatal period. The incidence was over 6.76 per thousand per year. One hundred ninety-nine (97.07%) were admitted to the Neonatal Unit, and 123 (60%), to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. One hundred thirty-six (66.34%) had been born in the hospital, 26 (12.68%) had been referred from private clinics in the city of Zaragoza and the remainder from other centers. The hospital stay ranged between 1 and 180 days, with a mean length of 30 days. Ninety-six children (46.83%) were still being followed in the outpatient services of the hospital at this writing.
Conclusions: There is a great demand for neurological care dur¬ing the neonatal period, with prolonged hospital stays and a frequent need for intensive care. During the first few years of life, the neonatal neurological disorder requires interventions and follow-up involving different professionals from the health care, education¬al and social services, who must work in a coherent and coordinated way, in early intervention programs, in which the participation of neonatologists and pediatric neurologists is essential.
Original_Asistencia.pdf
