Resumen
Introducción: La afectación del sistema nervioso central por la tuberculosis puede manifestarse como meningoencefalitis, aracnoiditis basal o tuberculoma/s intracraneal/es. Nuestro objetivo es caracterizar los variados hallazgos neurorradiológicos de un paciente y compararlos con los referidos en la bibliografÃa.
Caso clÃnico: Niño de 10 años que presentó una meningitis tuberculosa cuya resonancia magnética (RM) muestra múltiples y diseminadas áreas redondeadas, hiperintensas en T2 compatibles con tuberculomas intracraneales.
Conclusiones: El tratamiento precoz de la meningitis tuberculosa minimiza las secuelas y el riesgo de muerte, por lo que acortar el intervalo entre la presentación inespecÃfica del niño y el inicio de la terapia antituberculosa es fundamental, para lo cual el uso de la RM cerebral (y de la región cervicodorsolumbar en la mayorÃa de los casos) supone una ayuda importante, dada su sensibilidad para detectar precozmente las lesiones caracterÃsticas de esta devastadora enfermedad.
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculous involvement of the central nervous system may appear as meningoencephalitis, basal arachnoiditis or intracranial tuberculomas. The aim of this study is to characterize neuroradiologic findings of various intracranial lesions of one patient and to review the literature about this subject.
Clinical case: A 10 year old patient that showed tuberculous meningitis. On MR there were multiple, disseminated, rounded areas which were hyperintense T2 and compatible with intraÂcranial tuberculomas.
Conclusions: Neurologic complications are common, and early diagnosis and specific treatment against neurotuberculosis are essential for the prevention of consequences or death risk, for that reason shortening the interval between the non specific presentation of the child and the beginning of the antiÂtuberculous therapy is fundamental, for that reason the use of the MR cranial (and of the cervical-thoracic-lumbar area in most of the cases) are a great due to the importance given in its sensibility to prematurely detect the injuries characteristic of this devastating disease.